Friday, October 31, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 13

Yehoshua Perek 13
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study

the Tribes. Yehoshua divides the land on the west of the Jordan, the Nabi details how Moses gave two and a half Tribes their portion on the eastern side. You may recall how in Parashat Matot, the Tribes of Reuben, Gad and half the Tribe of Menashe asked for their inheritance on the east of the Jordan. They said that they would fight the Canaanite nations along with the other Tribes and not settle their land until the other Tribes received their portions. That time was now. In discussing the conquest of the land of Reuben, the Nabi mentions Balaam and refers to him as a sorcerer rather than a prophet. The Radak explains that Balaam really was only a sorcerer and that the gift of prophecy only came to him temporarily. He suggests that it was perhaps out of respect for Israel that G-d sent him a message through a malach (angel) rather than through his normal sorcerous means. After describing the portions of Reuben, Gad and Menashe, but before moving on to the other Tribes, the Nabi reminds is that the portion of the Tribe of Levi is not real estate, but the service of G-d in the Mishkan and, later, the Bet HaMikdash.

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Thursday, October 30, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 12

Yehoshua Perek 12
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study

The Nabi now gives a list of kings defeated by Israel. First it lists those defeated by Moshe on the other side of the Jordan: Sihon and Og. Then it lists those conquered by Yehoshua, totaling thirty-one. The Nabi lists the thirty-one kings in an odd, apparently redundant, fashion. It says, “The king of Yeriho, one; the king of Ai...one,” etc. We could just count the kings and see there are thirty-one, without saying “one” after each king. The Radak says that each of these 31 kings ruled more than just the one city; the cities named were the capitals of their kingdoms. While the thirty-one kings listed in this chapter were all destroyed, not all of their cities were necessarily occupied by Israel at this time. For example, Jerusalem would not be conquered until after the death of Yehoshua, in the first chapter of the Book of Judges (Shofetim).

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Wednesday, October 29, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 11

Yehoshua Perek 11
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study

Hearing about Yehoshua’s conquest of the southern cities, the kings of the northern cities became quite scared. They formed a coalition against Israel under the leadership of Yavin, king of Hasor and set up camp by the waters of Merom. G-d told Yehoshua that He would deliver the Canaanite forces into Israel’s hands and that they should hamstring the enemy’s horses and burn their chariots. This Yehoshua did. Israel conquered the cities of the north and burned the city of Hasor. The chapter ends with a summary of Yehoshua’s conquests. The only city that chose to make peace, we are told, was Givon; the rest chose to fight and were destroyed in battle. G-d “strengthened their hearts” as He did with the Pharaoh in Egypt, so that they could overcome their fear of Israel and do battle, rather than flee. Yehoshua also removed the giants, seen by the meraglim (spies) in Parashat Shelah.

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Tuesday, October 28, 2014

Rabbi Harold Sutton - The Sin of Achan

Rabbi Harold Sutton delves into the deeper reasons of what Achan's sin actually was and why it was so bad. He also discusses the underlying cause for the failure of the first army Yehoshua sent to attack Ai.
See Source sheet here: http://www.tanachstudy.com/uploads/2/4/0/7/24076605/rabbi_sutton_10_28_14_source_sheets.pdf

Recorded on Tuesday Oct. 28th, 2014 at 8:45 PM in Congregation Hohma U'Mussar, Brooklyn, NY, 11223.

Yehoshua Perek 10

Yehoshua Perek 10
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study

Adoni Sedek, king of Jerusalem got wind that the Givonites made a pact with Yehoshua and he was very displeased. He contacted other local kings to join him in an attack on Givon. When five kings attacked, the Givonites sent messengers to Yehoshua asking for help. Yehoshua obliged and was victorious. G-d Himself joined the battle, raining giant hailstones on the enemy, causing even more damage than the battle itself. Then, Yehoshua commanded the sun and the moon to stand still in their paths. This miracle was unprecedented in that “Hashem listened to the voice of a person.” Yehoshua didn’t pray to G-d to stop the sun, he simply commanded the sun and G-d agreed. This was a sign that G-d was fighting for Israel. (See verse 10:14.)
The five kings who instigated the battle were found holed up in a cave. Yehoshua commanded that the cave be sealed and guards posted until the battles were over. After that, they opened the cave, removed the kings and executed them. The Nabi ends the chapter with a description of various cities Yehoshua, including those of the five attacking kings.


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Monday, October 27, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 9

Yehoshua Perek 9
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study

When the people of Givon heard about what happened in Yeriho and Ai, they got scared. They decided to use subterfuge to seal a pact with Yehoshua. They dressed up in worn out clothes and took old, dried out supplies so that they would look as if they had just come from a long journey. They told Yehoshua that they represented a kingdom far away and that they wished to forge a covenant. Yehoshua was suspicious that they might actually be a Canaanite people, but they showed him the dried bread and the cracked wineskins, as well as their worn out clothes and shoes. Yehoshua therefore agreed to the treaty with the Givonim. Three days later, the Jews discovered that they had been tricked. A party of Israelites traveled to the surprisingly close Givonite cities. The people complained, but the leaders insisted that the deal be kept despite the deception. The Givonites had sworn themselves as servants to Israel, so they became wood choppers and water carriers for the nation. Yehoshua cursed them that that’s all they would ever be.

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Sunday, October 26, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 8

Yehoshua Perek 8; Founder of Tanach Study

The problem caused by Ahan resolved, Hashem sent Yehoshua back to Ai. Yehoshua took 30,000 soldiers by night to the rear of the city. They pretended to ee as they had the first time. When the King of Ai had his forces pursue the Jewish army, he left the city unprotected. Yehoshua had hidden 5,000 troops, who then easily took the city. When the army of Ai (who were pursuing Israel) saw their city burning, they became confused and were easily overpowered when Yehoshua’s army stopped pretending to flee. The King of Ai was captured and executed. After this victory, Yehoshua built an altar on Mt. Eival and wrote the Torah on the stones taken from the Jordan back in chapter 4. The Tribes stood on Mt. Eival and Mt. Gerizim in order to recite the blessings and curses, as was called for in Deut. 27.

Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem
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Friday, October 24, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 7

Yehoshua Perek 7
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study

Yehoshua next sent spies to the city of Ai, which was judged to be small and weak, therefore not requiring many troops. Nevertheless, the army of Ai quickly gained the upper hand. Yehoshua inquired of G-d as to why this was and G-d informed him that it was because someone looted consecrated property from the conquest of Yeriho. A Divinely-Inspired lottery narrowed it down by Tribe and family until it was determined that Ahan ben Karmi of the Tribe of Judah was the guilty party. He confessed that he had stolen gold, silver and clothes and hidden them in the ground beneath his tent. The stolen property was uncovered and Ahan was executed at G-d’s command. While Yehoshua commanded that Ahan be brought to the valley where he would be executed along with his property and family, do not be misled into thinking that his family paid the price for his actions. The Nabi says quite clearly that only Ahan was stoned. His family had to serve as witnesses, just as other people. Furthermore, the Talmud tells us that, despite his actions, Ahan secured his place in the Next World by his confession.

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Thursday, October 23, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 6

Yehoshua Perek 6
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study

Yehoshua sealed the city of Yeriho so that nobody could enter or leave. The army circled the city once a day for six days, following which seven Kohanim would blow shofar. On the seventh day, the army circled the city seven times. When the Kohanim blew shofar, the city walls collapsed. The city was routed but, as promised, Rahab and her family were spared. Yehoshua placed a curse on anyone who would rebuild Yeriho, or even call another city by that name. The walls of Yeriho sank straight down into the ground.

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Wednesday, October 22, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 5

Yehoshua Perek 5
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study
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A Summary provided by Rabbi Jack Abramowitz of the Orthodox Union:
When the kings of the Canaanite nations heard about the miracle that G-d performed for the Jews at the Jordan, they weren’t too happy. In fact, they were petrified!

Meanwhile, Yehoshua set about circumcising all of the Jewish males. (They hadn’t performed the mitzvah of brit milah - circumcision - during the forty years in the desert because they had to be ready to travel at a moment’s notice and that could be dangerous for newborns who just had surgery.) Joshua 4:19 tells us that the nation crossed the Jordan on the 10th day of the month of Nisan. Having entered into the Land of Israel, the Jews would celebrate, in four days’ time, the first Pesach since leaving Egypt. Since an uncircumcised male may not eat the korban Pesach (Passover sacrifice - see Exodus 12:48), a national circumcision was necessary for the second time. (The first was before the Exodus from Egypt.) After offering the korban Pesach, the manna which the Jews received daily in the wilderness ceased.

While Yehoshua was standing outside of Jericho, he was confronted by a malach (angel) with a drawn sword. The malach told Yehoshua symbolically that he had been neglecting his spiritual obligations and not to do so, as the conquest of the land would not - could not - be carried out by natural means alone.

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Tuesday, October 21, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 4

Yehoshua Perek 4
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study
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A Summary provided by Rabbi Jack Abramowitz of the Orthodox Union:
At this juncture, Yehoshua erects a memorial to commemorate the miracle that Hashem performed for the Jewish people at the Jordan River. He ordered twelve men, one from each Tribe, to each carry a stone from the river to the place where they were camped. This was actually the fulfillment of a commandment given in Deuteronomy 27, in which the Jewish people were commanded to erect 12 stones and to write the Torah upon them.
The entire time, the Kohanim had been standing there, holding the Aron. (Actually, the Aron carried its bearers, but that’s another story.) When the people were done erecting the stones, the Kohanim carried the Aron out of the river bed and the Jordan resumed its usual flow.
The people set up camp in Gilgal, at the eastern end of Jericho. Gilgal would serve as the temporary capital for the next 14 years.

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Monday, October 20, 2014

Rabbi Harold Sutton - Why Would Yehoshua Send Meragelim?!

Rabbi Harold Sutton examines the 'meragelim' sent by Moshe in the midbar and the meragelim sent by Yehoshua upon approaching Eres Yisrael. Rabbi Sutton examines why Moshe's spies sinned so greatly and how Yehoshua had learned from his teacher's mistakes when sending his own spies. 

Recorded on Monday Oct. 20th, 2014 at 8:45 PM in Congregation Hochma U'Mussar, Brooklyn, NY 11223.

Yehoshua Perek 3

Yehoshua Perek 3
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study
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A Summary provided by Rabbi Jack Abramowitz of the Orthodox Union:
The nation camped by the Jordan River in anticipation of crossing into the Holy Land. The people were instructed to follow the Aron, which would be carried by the Kohanim. They were to keep a distance of 2,000 cubits, about half a mile, to show proper respect but also so that everyone should be able to see the impending miracle. In order to demonstrate that Yehoshua was a suitable successor to Moshe, G-d performed a miracle similar to one He did when the Jews left Egypt; He split the Jordan River so that the Jews could cross. However, unlike the Red Sea, the Jordan River is a flowing body of water. Accordingly, the waters upstream piled up vertically into a column. Given its thematic connection to crossing the Red Sea, Yehoshua chapter 3 is part of the haftarah for the first day of Pesach.

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Sunday, October 19, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 2

Yehoshua Perek 2
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study
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A Summary provided by Rabbi Jack Abramowitz of the Orthodox Union:
You may recall that Yehoshua was one of the twelve meragellim, who were sent by Moshe to spy out the Land and its inhabitants in Parashat Shelah (Numbers 13). Yehoshua and Caleb ben Yefuneh were the only two who delivered a positive report and were the only members of their generation to enter the Land. Now, Yehoshua sent two spies to investigate the city of Yeriho. They stayed at the house of a woman named Rahav, who was a “woman of ill-repute.” Despite her occupation, she was a righteous woman and she concealed the spies from the King of the city who had heard rumors of their arrival. She gave the King misdirection and sent his soldiers on a wild goose chase. In exchange for saving their lives, the spies agreed to spare Rahab and her family when the city would be invaded. This promise was conditional, however, on Rahab hanging a red string from her window so that her apartment, which was in the city walls, could be identied. Rahab later converted to Judaism, married Yehoshua himself, and is the ancestor of several prophets, including Yirmiyahu (Jeremiah). This chapter is the haftarah for Parashat Shelah.

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Wednesday, October 15, 2014

Yehoshua Perek 1

Yehoshua Perek 1
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study
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A Summary provided by Rabbi Jack Abramowitz of the Orthodox Union:
This chapter continues the narrative immediately after the conclusion of the Torah in Parashat V’zot HaBeracha. Accordingly, it is read as the Haftarah on Simchat Torah. Yehoshua is named the successor of Moshe by Hashem. He is commanded to lead the Jewish people across the Jordan River to the Land which G-d has promised them. G-d charges Yehoshua to be strong and brave and to keep the Torah that G-d gave through Moshe. “This book of the Torah shall not leave your mouth,” G-d says, “rather you shall be involved with it both day and night.” Yehoshua then readies the people, particularly reminding the Tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half Tribe of Menashe of their promise to tag alongside the rest of the nation, despite having received their portion of the Land on the other side of the Jordan (see Numbers 32). Much has been made of the fact that Yehoshua is introduced as “mesharet Moshe”, “Moshe’s attendant”. Moshe had two sons, but neither of them was chosen his successor. That role was given to Yehoshua who attended Moshe.

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Tuesday, October 14, 2014

Yehoshua Intro

Introduction to Yehoshua
Sefer Yehoshua is taught by Mr. Jesse Salem; Founder of Tanach Study
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A Summary provided by Rabbi Jack Abramowitz of the Orthodox Union:
The book of Yeshoshua is the first book of Neviim which chronologically follows the closing of Sefer Devarim, the 5th and last book of the Torah.
Listen to the Introduction given by Jesse Salem for a broader overall insight on Sefer Yehoshua.

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Saturday, September 20, 2014

Rabbi Yitzchak Etshalom - A Portrait of Yehoshua Bin Nun

Rabbi Yitzchak Etshalom examines the character of Yehoshua Bin Nun, the leader who follows Moshe Rabbenu and brings the Jewish nation to the land of Israel, through an analysis of all the texts in which Yehoshua is mentioned. Rabbi Etshalom goes through the development of Yehoshua as a leader and explains the overarching theme of the first sefer of Neviim, Sefer Yehoshua.

Recorded on Sept. 20, 2014 in Congregation Beth Torah in Brooklyn, NY.

http://www.tanachstudy.com/leadership-in-transition.html

Source sheets:
Hebrew/English: http://www.tanachstudy.com/uploads/2/4/0/7/24076605/03______w_eng.pdf

Hebrew: http://www.tanachstudy.com/uploads/2/4/0/7/24076605/03_____.pdf

Introduction to Tanach Study - Jesse Salem

Founder and creator of Tanach Study, Jesse Salem, giving the opening remarks at Rabbi Yitzchak Etshalom's class on 9/20/2014. Jesse introduces the program by describing its purpose, function, and format.

Recorded on Sept. 20th, 2014 in Congregation Beth Torah in Brooklyn, New York.

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